Thursday, November 15, 2012
Smoking and cancer risk
Smoking and cancer risk
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), cancer incidence could increase by 50% worldwide, with 15 million new cases every year by 2020.
World Cancer Report shows that measures taken against smoking, infections and in favor of a healthier diet could prevent a third of cases.
Tobacco use is the most important avoidable risk factor for cancer. In the 20th century, approximately 100 million people worldwide have died from smoking related illnesses (cancer, chronic lung disease, cardiovascular disease, stroke).
Smoking and cancer risk
Half of smokers die from the consequences of this practice. A quarter of smokers die prematurely (between 35 and 69 years).
Risk of lung cancer for smokers compared with that of non-smokers (relative risk) is 20 or even 30 times higher. In countries with a high prevalence of smoking, tobacco is believed to be responsible for 90% of lung cancers in both sexes. For bladder and kidney cancer, the relative risk is 5 or 6, which means that over 50% of cases are due to smoking.
Smoking and cancer risk
The relative risk for cancers mouth, pharynx, larynx and esophagus is 6, and the pancreatic cancer is 4. For women, it was found a relative risk of 2 -3 new forms of cancer associated with smoking: stomach, liver, cervix, kidney, nasal cavity and sinuses, esophagus and myeloid leukemia.
Involuntary inhalation of cigarette smoke (passive smoking) promotes cancer, increasing by 20% the risk of lung cancer. No data at this time to demonstrate that tobacco causes cancers of the breast, prostate and endometrium.
Smoking and cancer risk
Worldwide, young people tend to smoke increasingly earlier, which predisposes them to negligible risks in later stages of life.
Although it is preferable to avoid initiating tobacco, epidemiological data highlight the enormous benefits of quitting smoking. These include reducing the number of cancer deaths in the coming years. The best results are found to youth 30 years who quit smoking, but risk mitigation is impressive - over 60% - even in smokers who quit after age 50 years.
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