Perinatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (EHIP) Treatment

Perinatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (EHIP)
Treatment
Prophylactic treatment is mandatory and includes: - Prevention of fetal asphyxia; - Recognition of risk factors; - Antepartum fetal monitoring during labor; - Prompt in delivery room resuscitation.
Supportive treatment consists of: - Adequate ventilation; - Prevention of hypoxemia, hypercapny, hyperammonaemia; - Maintaining an optimal infusion; - Keeping blood sugar within normal limits; - Seizure control; - Avoidance of fluid overload.
Experimental therapies can be applied as follows: - Antagonists of free radicals; - Amino acid antagonists inhibitors; - Calcium channel blockers; - Magnesium sulfate; - Hypothermia in the brain; - Nitric oxide synthesis inhibitors; - Transplant.
Complications
In evoultia disease can occur a number of complications such as selective neuronal necrosis, status marmoratus, brain damage parasagitale, periventricular leukomalacia, multifocal ischemic brain injury.
Prognosis:
Prognosis is impossible to determine because they did not know the duration and extension of brain insult and injury. Among the useful prognostic factors include: - Monitoring data and fetal cord pH; - Apgar at 5, 10 and 15 minutes; - Neonatal neurological syndromes (severity, duration 1-2 weeks, early-onset seizures in 12 hours, difficulty in treatment); - Signs of intracranial hypertension; - Imaging data; - Electroencephalogram; - Biochemical markers. The prognosis is good for determining the severity and duration of neurological syndrome and seizures.