Acute Bronchiolitis Pathophysiology

Acute Bronchiolitis
Pathophysiology
Acute bronchiolitis is characterized by mucosal edema due to obstruction bronsiolelor their accumulation of mucus and cellular debris, thus affecting bronsiolele very small size. Thus, in infants a minor thickening of their walls will cause a significant reduction in lumen bronsiolar, the air flow encountering a resistance to passage through the air duct. Resistance in small airways is increased in both inspiratory phase, and in the expiratory. Because bronsiolelor lumen radius is reduced during expiration, air storage occurs in the alveoli and pulmonary hyperinflation. When obstruction occurs bronsiolelor a total area of the lung, air in the alveoli is reabsorbed causing atelectaziei.
Obstructive syndrome produced by the inflammatory process of acute bronchiolitis affects gas exchange in normal lungs (pulmonary ventilation), ventilation-perfusion and dysfunction appears to be installed early hypoxemia during evolution. In patients with an increased degree of respiratory failure increased carbon dioxide retention (hypercapnia). Compensatory increases respiratory rate (tachypnea) and rescue breathing will cause loss of oxygen in arterial blood pressure. Bear in mind that hypercapnia tachypnea occurs when values exceed 60 breaths per minute, and then increasing in direct proportion with respiratory rhythm.