Condromatoza synovium

Condromatoza synovium is a condition that develops in the synovial membrane seals the joint cartilage, tendon sheath grants or as a result of connective tissue metaplasia subsinovial. These seals ectopic cartilage can cause painful joint effusion, cartilage debris and mechanical symptoms. The entity is characterized by nodular proliferation, fragmentation of ectopic cartilage in the synovial surface, these fragments calcification or ossification.Articular fragments may range in size from several mm to several cm.
The degree of ossification varies and is described by the spiculi calcification calcify or ossified body seals. Snippets can be found free in joint cavity or related proliferative synovium, which may extend to nearby soft tissue. The disease will progress gradually, with the deterioration of the joint and secondary osteoarthritis. In fact the disease is a benign condition, although some studies show malignant transformation.
Pain, swelling and mechanical symptoms condromatozei synovial and cartilage debris of his generation have been previously treated by surgery. Today technical strategies include open artrotomia Synovectomy with debris and cartilage. Some orthopedists prefer cartilaginous corpora excision only and excision of the affected synovium. The recent evolution of arthroscopy offers a relatively noninvasive strategy for selected cases. NSAIDs are administered with transcutaneous therapies: ultrasound, thermal therapy to reduce inflammation. Patients with mechanical symptoms noninterventionala benefit significantly by therapy.
Pathogenesis and causes
Anatomy of synovial joints:Synovium lining the joint surface and is composed of vessels diartrodiale rich sinovicite. Corpora of ectopic cartilage and joint synovium should be removed.
Condromatoza synovium appears as primary or secondary. The condition is characterized by synovial membrane proliferation, metaplasia, hyperplasia and hyaline or myxoid changes. Synovial lining of a scholarship, a joint or tendon sheath and nodular proliferation suffer fragmentation. Synovial fluid fed the fragments grow, calcify and ossify.Primary synovial Condromatoza:It is described as the presence of ectopic cartilage in the synovial tissue and body cavity articular cartilage with or without calcification-osteocondromatoza and without identifiable patalogie joints. It is unclear if this condition is a true neoplasm or synovial metaplasia. Most authorities consider the theory of metaplasia.Condromatoza secondary:Secondary form is installed in the pre-existing osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, osteonecrosis, osteocondritei dissected, neuropathic arthropathy, tuberculosis or osteochondral fractures.Chondral or osteochondral fragments formed by the implantation of free secondary disease induces development of cartilage in synovial metraplazic around them.Primary synovial Condromatoza development comprises three phases:1-stage disease-active intrasinoviala cartilage without body2-phase transition lesions with osteochondral nodules in the synovium and body cavity free osteochondral articular-Phase 3-body disease, multiple free osteochondral intrasinoviala.
Condromatoza synovium is considered a benign process associated with low risk of malignancy. Various cases reported condromatozei shows coexistence and synovial chondrosarcoma.Damage is typically monoarticulara, large joints are most affected.Knee joint is involved in 60% of cases, shoulder, elbow and balance are among the most affected joints. He described the involvement of other joints and with different locations, including temporomandibular joint, the joint face, acromioclavicular, wrist the hand, ankle, biceps sheath and extraarticular localization.