Viral Arthritis

Viral arthritis is characterized by inflammation of joints caused by a viral infection. Defective immune system leading to acute forms of arthritis followed by chronic pain or arthritis. Number of patients diagnosed with acute viral arthritis is low due to lack of presentation to the doctor.
Viral arthritis viral prodrome occurs during development when the characteristic erythema. Viral arthritis usually presents with impaired small joints symmetrically. In all cases viral infection is non-destructive and does not lead to any form of chronic disease.There is no specific test for any type of arthritis. Diagnosis is by history. X-rays and blood tests are not very useful.In most cases viral arthritis following their rapid evolution. Is only symptomatic therapy with analgesics and antisteroidiene to reduce stiffness, pain and swelling. Viral infections will be treated separately from arthritis. The cold compress joints and rest.
Pathogenesis and causes
Viruses are agents that cause infection or cofactors in the development of rheumatic diseases. Viral infection depends on viral and host factors. Host characteristics are very important and include age, sex, genetic background, history of infection and immune response. Viral factors include the entrance gate to the host tissue tropism, replication, the effect of cytokines, the ability to establish latent or potent viral antigens and host alterations.Infected cells can undergo apoptosis-programmed cell death.Immune complexes of antibody response may be stored on different viral infections in the synovium. Viral-induced autoimmunity, polyclonal B cell activation and immunodeficiency can cause opportunistic infections, especially by an inability to remove the virus. Molecular mimicry may lead to abnormal self-reactivity alterity immunological tolerance.
Signs and symptoms
Viral arthritis may be more common in adults than in children and vice versa depending on the virus. Arthritis HBV shows a 5% incidence in childhood. In adulthood HBV is transmitted through sexual activity or exposure to syringes. Children are more succeptibili to parvovirus B19 infection than adults, although arthritis is rare in children. Up to 60% of adults have serologic evidence of infection with parvovirus B19 in history.Viral arthritis viral prodrome occurs during development when the characteristic erythema. Viral arthritis shows joint damage common with small, symmetrical. In all cases viral infection is non-destructive and does not lead to any form of chronic disease.