Scoliosis - Signs and symptoms

Scoliosis is characterized by progression with age. rate of progression depends on growth rate and is marked in children and adolescents. Stop the progression to adulthood, especially if the curve is below 30 degrees. The more than 30 degrees have increased by one degree per year after maturity. Infantile type affects children under 3 years. Juvenile type affects children between 4-9 years. Type adolescent is between 10 years and adult.On examination the patient with scoliosis, a curvature of the spine shows that can not be corrected by changing posture. When bending forward, prominent ribs on the posterior convex curvature becomes apparent. Column deviates from the midline in all three plans. Lateral curvature is in the foreground, with lordosis in the sagittal and rotation of vertebrae around its axis toward the convexity of the curve.
Idiopathic scoliosis does not cause symptoms like pain or disability. Column is the only asymmetric sign. Scapula and ribs are prominent on one side, shoulder high from the other or opposite side of the balance protrusion. Deformation is evident when the curve is high, especially in the thoracic position. In mixed-thoracolombar curves, less visible deformation as a result of balancing curves, but shorter torso is obvious.
ComplicationsPulmonary function may be affected in severe scoliosis.Deformation affects the lungs cause damage restricted expansion.Although dyspnoea is common in children, adults may occur depending on the severity of scoliosis. Cardiac abnormalities may be associated with idiopathic scoliosis. Idiopathic scoliosis is seen in 5% of patients with congenital heart disease, and the incidence is increased if cyanotic.
Scoliosis in elderlyThis type of scoliosis seen in men over 60 years. There is a particular case, although it is considered to be secondary secondary degenerative disease. Unlike idiopathic scoliosis, curvature of the spine, the old curve is short, lateral segment, and without stretching or abnormal neural arch.
Disease progressionThe mortality rate in patients with scoliosis is two times higher than the general population. The average age of death is 45 years.Scoliosis produces cosmetic deformity, debilitating pain and severe restriction of the patient's ability to work. Cardiovascular disease occurs in severe cases with more than 60 degrees flexion.Cardiac complications are more common in thoracic scoliosis.Respiratory failure, cor pulmonale, restrictive lung disease and right heart failure are frequent complications of scoliosis. The risk of cardiovascular complications is higher in people with early onset, major bends. The risk is even lower in late-onset curve is high.