Causative agent is Streptococcus pyogenes, group Abeta-hemolytic. Streptococci are common organisms that colonize the oropharynx and skin. It is a bacterium called round bun found inclumps or short chains. The gram-positive, immobile, notsporuleaza with fermentative metabolism, catalase-negativeaerotolerant and requires enriched medium to cultivate. On bloodagar, forming a halo of complete hemolysis around the bacterialcolony hence the name beta-hemolytic.
Part of group A streptococci along with the B, C, D, E, F, G. It isone of the most frequent human pathogens. Normal skin ororopharyngeal flora can become pathogenic when the immunesystem is low or when there are defensive gateways.
Acute streptococcal infections include:
-puerperal fever, erysipelas, scarlet fever, streptococcal angina
Otitis media-Aden cervical, tonsillar abscess
-impetigo, necrotizing fasciitis, toxic shock syndrome
-sinizita, pneumonia, cellulitis, myositis, meningitis
-glomerulonephritis, rheumatic fever.
Bacterial virulence factors are elements that help organisms toinvade host cells:
M-protein, protein F, lipoteichoic acid for adherence
-hyaluronic acid capsule in order to circumvent the immune systemand avoid phagocytic
M-protein to inhibit phagocytosis
-streptokinase, streptodornaza, hyaluronidase, streptolysin toinvade cells
-exotoxin: eritrogenica toxin that causes toxic shock and systemicerythema, etc..
Causes include favoring streptococcal infections:
-poverty, overcrowding in unsanitary conditions
favoring contagious-promiscuity
Lack of medical education, falls addressability
Lack of national prevention programs.
Part of group A streptococci along with the B, C, D, E, F, G. It isone of the most frequent human pathogens. Normal skin ororopharyngeal flora can become pathogenic when the immunesystem is low or when there are defensive gateways.
Acute streptococcal infections include:
-puerperal fever, erysipelas, scarlet fever, streptococcal angina
Otitis media-Aden cervical, tonsillar abscess
-impetigo, necrotizing fasciitis, toxic shock syndrome
-sinizita, pneumonia, cellulitis, myositis, meningitis
-glomerulonephritis, rheumatic fever.
Bacterial virulence factors are elements that help organisms toinvade host cells:
M-protein, protein F, lipoteichoic acid for adherence
-hyaluronic acid capsule in order to circumvent the immune systemand avoid phagocytic
M-protein to inhibit phagocytosis
-streptokinase, streptodornaza, hyaluronidase, streptolysin toinvade cells
-exotoxin: eritrogenica toxin that causes toxic shock and systemicerythema, etc..
Causes include favoring streptococcal infections:
-poverty, overcrowding in unsanitary conditions
favoring contagious-promiscuity
Lack of medical education, falls addressability
Lack of national prevention programs.
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