Cytomegalovirus infection in children

Infection with cytomegalovirus (CMV) is characterized clinically by various events, often asymptomatic and rarely through various clinical pictures, depending on the age and condition of the immunocompetent host, and histologically by the presence of large cells with large inclusions in various tissues and organs.
CMV infection is the most common congenital viral infection in developed countries, often evolving to retard neuropsychiatric and somatic growth deficit. Along with rubella and toxoplasmosis is responsible for malformations in new-born with permanent sequelae or sometimes with fatal outcomes, fetopatia CMV infection is most common maternal-fetal.Of all human herpesviruses discovered so far, infection with cytomegalovirus (CMV) is the most common cause of death in patients with AIDS, as well as those undergoing bone marrow transplantation.
Currently CMV infection is a public health problem for the following reasons:- Frequency of congenital infection, cytomegalovirus infection is considered as a major agent of birth defects;- The persistence of viral infection, with the possibility of reactivation in immunosuppressed states;- How often they participate in the pathology transfusion and organ pathology after transplantation (transfusion mononucleosis syndrome, hepatitis, cytomegalovirus).
Etiology:
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is an agent capable of causing severe infections, sometimes fatal in humans and mammals. All these diseases are associated with the production of large cells in tissues, up to 40 nm. Cytopathic effect in culture is specific, but moderate: hypertrophied cells show a large nucleus, which is a voluminous cytomegalovirus impacted eosinophilia, separated by a halo nuclear membrane and providing a particular aspect of "owl eye" or "glasses ". Citopatogenitatea reduced in cultures can be correlated with weaker virulence in vivo, expressed through asymptomatic infection.
Morpho-functional character:Measured between 180-250 nm virion is formed, inside out, as follows: a "core" consists of a central coil fibrillar, protein and genome consists of linear double-stranded DNA. DNA contains 58% guanosine and cytosine, a capsid protein, which consists of 162 capsomere form a cubic symmetry, a membrane bilamelara.
Human cytomegalovirus is different from varicella-zoster (VZ) and herpes simplex (HSV) with the following: develop a low power citopatca produces cytoplasmic inclusions and has a possible role paranucleare oncogenic suggested UV-irradiation of hamster fibroblasts inoculated CMV can turn them into tumor cells, viral DNA retention transformed cells, stimulation of DNA and RNA in host cells.