In fetal growth retardation

Synonyms:
fetal hypotrophy
IUGR - Intrauterine Growth Retardation Fetal
SGA - Small for gestational age
 
Definition.
Names are not fully back exposed synonymous. The mostconvenient seems to be "in fetal growth retardation" (IUGR, usingEnglish words initials).
IUGR can be considered one of the most important problems ofmodern obstetrics. This state is the second leading cause ofperinatal mortality (after prematurity). Perinatal mortality rate ofinfants resulting from intrauterine growth late in pregnancy may be6-10 times higher than that of normal newborns.
About 20% of infants died from IUGR.
Immediate neonatal morbidity induced IUGR is characterized by:hypoxia, respiratory failure caused by aspiration, hypoglycemia, hypocalcemia, thrombocytopenia, malformations, infections, etc..
 
Mechanisms that cause IUGR are not fully understood.Pathological processes occur and conditions that influenceneonatal weight without being morbid states (environmental factorsand socio-economic, demographic, racial, altitude, etc.).
These elements contribute to the difficulty of defining anddiagnosing fetal abnormalities of growth.
The most common definition found lower than normal weight at agegiven task.
 
classification:
 
IUGR may be symmetric (proportional reduction of all organs) orasymmetric (some organs are more affected than others).Antepartum diagnosis of these varieties is important because theetiology oriented (asymmetric IUGR is associated frequentlymaternal hypertension, symmetrical IUGR is induced byintrauterine infection, chromosomal abnormalities, toxic substances).
 
frequency:

Depending on the population studied, 2 to 10% of newborns are affected by the delay in raising interuterina.