Herniated Disc

As the nucleus pulposus loses its turgor and elasticity of the fiber ring diminishes, it protrudes outside edges of the vertebral body forcing the herniated disc. Herniated nucleus pulposus through a defect in material annular focal disc protrusion cause outside edges of the vertebrae adjacent connective blade. Trauma is the most common cause of ruptured nucleus pulposus. Result disc protrusion or extrusion of material in the spine. Predisposition to degeneration is also a factor. Altered cartilage vertebral body and disc degeneration causes loss of nutrition.
Other potential factors favoring a herniated disc include: age, apoptosis, collagen abnormalities, decreased vascularitatii, added weights spine, abnormal proteoglicanii, obesity, sedentary lifestyle and lack of physical training.Symptoms are the result of a herniated disc through the ring hernierii its weak or cracking. Radiculopathy or nerve root compression secondary inflammatory process affecting the nerve roots, neural. When the spinal cord is damaged cervical or lumbar level appears myelopathy.
Moderate herniated lumbar and cervical common and are discovered by accident in patients over 20 years. Disc herniation is more common in the lumbar region from neck. Hernia may or may not be clinically significant. Some suint symptomatic patients, while others remain totally asymptomatic. The incidence is high in the cervical radiculopatiilor C7, C6. Disc herniation can occur in any direction. It is a common condition once worn with age and vertebral joints. Focal trauma to the vertebral disc is a causal factor. Over 90% of hernias occur in the lumbar L4-5 and L5-S1.Over 93% occur in the spinal canal, intervertebral foramen predominant 3% and 4% are extraforamen.
When left untreated, partially treated, or inadequately treated optimally herniated disc cause severe morbidity characterized by chronic pain syndrome, segmental paresis, atrophy, changes in reflexes, sympathetic dystrophy with regional disautonomie and sphincter dysfunction. A cervical disc herniation with myelopathy cause paraparesis, spasticity, hyperreflexia, clonus, sensory disturbances in the legs and sphincter dysfunction. The upper cervical disc herniation is a respiratory compromise. These processes along with complications associated with immobility and intercurrent infections increase mortality.Bed rest has proven effective. All conservative treatments try to improve inflammation. NSAIDs are helpful. Activities to be restricted. Exercise and physical therapy mobilizes the muscles and joints to facilitate recovery. It indicates acute spasms muscle relaxants, but only in its early stages. Different surgical methods to help improve sciatica nerve decompression. Pain can not be removed completely.