Hand, foot and mouth disease Diagnosis

Hand, foot and mouth disease
Diagnosis

Laboratory studies:
-usually not necessary, if clinical circumstances indicate a virus can be recovered from skin lesions
-viral culture may be done or it can be confirmed by immunological methods
polymerase chain-test can help differentiate viral type.
-neutralizing antibodies disappear rapidly and are detectable only in the acute phase
convalescent-phase are present in high levels of antibody complement Clamps
-number of leukocytes is 4000-16000/μl occasional lymphocytes are present.

Histological examination includes intraepidermal vesicles containing neutrophils and eosinophils along with cellular debris. Adjacent epidermis shows reticular degeneration with intra-and intercellular edema. The dermis is infiltrated fixed. Epozinofilice intranuclear inclusions are observed in electron microscopy studies.

The differential diagnosis is made with the following conditions: aphthous stomatitis, erythema multiforme, chickenpox, herpes simplex, herpangina, bacteremia and sepsis, dehydration-Henoch purpura Scholein, Kawasaki disease, smallpox, strep throat, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, allergic reaction to medication.