Laryngitis

Laryngitis

    * Introduction
    * Signs and symptoms
    * Causes
    * Diagnosis
    * Treatment
Laryngitis is inflammation of the larynx, vocal cords due to overuse, infection or irritation. Larynx is the top of the trachea, which consists of cartilage, muscles and mucous membranes. The structure of the larynx and vocal cords come, in charge of producing sounds.
Laryngitis is caused mainly by viral upper respiratory tract infections (colds, for example). Laryngitis may be associated with bronchitis or any inflammation or infection of the upper airway. Excessive use of voice, an allergic reaction, inhalation of irritants (cigarette smoke) may be a cause of acute laryngitis or chronic (persistent). Bacterial infections of the larynx are extremely rare.
Symptoms consist in modifying the voice (dysphonia or hoarseness), or even its loss, in some cases associated with dyspnea (difficulty breathing). Symptoms vary depending on the severity of inflammation. Fever, malaise, difficulty in swallowing and sore throat may occur in severe infections.
Diagnosis is based on typical symptoms and voice alteration. Since laryngeal cancer can cause hoarseness, these symptoms for several weeks requiring further medical investigations.
Treatment of viral laryngitis depends on the symptoms present. Vocal rest, extra fluid intake and steam baths reduce symptoms and hasten healing. Antibiotics are prescribed for bacterial infections.