Early diagnosis may limit joint destruction.
Rheumatoid arthritis is suspected in patients with inflammation thataffects multiple joints in symmetrical fashion.
Diagnosis is established by meeting at least four of the sevencriteria established by the American Rheumatism Association.These criteria are:
- morning stiffness that lasts at least an hour to improve
- arthritis, joint areas simultaneously for at least three
- Arthritis of hand joints, especially proximal interphalangeal ormetacarpophalangeal joints
- affecting bilateral joint areas (for example, bothmetacarpophalangeal joints)
- rheumatoid factor (RF) positive
- Subcutaneous rheumatoid nodules
- Radiological changes characteristic of rheumatoid arthritis - boneerosion and decalcification
Laboratory analysis showed:
- ESR (erythrocyte sedimentation rate) raised
- increased level of CRP (C reactive protein) - a sign ofinflammation
- increasing the number of blood platelets
- Waaler-Rose reaction positive - indicating the presence ofrheumatoid factor
- antinuclear antibodies are present in 10 -30% of cases
- antibodies antikeratina
Radiography of soft tissue inflammation highlight the first months ofdisease. Later, the articular cartilage can be detected narrowingand marginal erosions. Erosion often occur in the first year. Jointinflammation and erosion can be detected earlier with MRI.
After the diagnosis of rheumatoid poliatrita, additional tests are necessary to detect complications and other anomalies.
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