Eosinophilic Gastroenteritis

Eosinophilic Gastroenteritis

    * Introduction
    * Signs and symptoms
    * Diagnosis
    * Treatment
Eosinophilic gastroenteritis is a rare gastrointestinal disorder that affects children and adults. It is characterized by the presence of abnormal gastrointestinal symptoms, most commonly abdominal pain, eosinophilic infiltrate in one or more areas of bowel, defined as more than 20 eosinophils per microscopic field, the absence of specific causes of eosinophilia and exclusion of other organ involvement in eosinophilic extradigestive.
Is this common atopy or food allergy. Clinical symptoms are caused by anatomical location and depth of eosinophilic infiltrates intestinal damage. Treatments are often unsatisfactory and the prognosis uncertain. Patients may have various clinical presentations depending on the affected area. The disease most often involves the stomach and small intestine. It is characterized by vomiting, dyspepsia, abdominal pain, diarrhea with blood, feribriva anemia, malabsorption. Approximately 50% of patients have high fever, asthma, food allergy. Children may have delayed growth, lack of seat, delayed puberty and amenorrhea.
Elimination of foods involved in testing cutranata has variable effects, but the syndrome appears reziolutia amino acid diet. Corticosteroid therapy is indicated for people with bowel obstruction. Antihistamines such as montelukast, ketotifen, mycophenolate mofetil have results. The most common complication is intestinal obstruction. The natural evolution is not well documentat5a. Eosinophilic gastroenteritis is a chronic disease. Mild and sporadic symptoms can be managed by observation, while severe symptoms requiring steroids. When disease occurs in childhood and can identify a specific sensitization to food, the possibility of remission of disease in adolescence is promising.
Pathogenesis
The mechanisms that predispose to events eosinophilic gastroenteritis is unknown. Eosinophilic gastritis, enteritis and gastroenteritis are diseases characterized by selective infiltration of eosinophils in the stomach, small intestine or both. Diseases are classified into primary and secondary subtypes. Subtypes were also called primary or idiopathic nonatopice allergens include subtypes, atopic and family.
Disease manifestations in patients are based on histological involvement: mucosal, muscular or serous. Each layer of the gastrointestinal tract may be affected. Secondary subtypes can be divided into two groups: systemic eosinophilic disorders: hypereosinophilic disorders and diseases noneozinofilice, celiac disease, inflammatory bowel disease, vasculitis. Although these are idiopathic, recent investigations show the role of eosinophils, T helper 2 cells, cytokines and eotaxinei as critical factors in the pathogenesis of eosinophilic gastroenteritis.
Eosinophils serve as major effector cells induces tissue destruction and dysfunction by releasing toxins: increased alkaline protein, eosinophilic cationic protein, perozidaze, neurotoxins and lipid mediators which are cytotoxic.