Primary atypical pneumonia with Mycoplasma

Primary atypical pneumonia with Mycoplasma

    * Introduction
    * Pathogenesis and causes
    * Signs and symptoms
    * Diagnosis
    * Treatment
Mycoplasmele saprophytic organisms are the smallest (living organisms, feeding on the decaying organic matter alfate, causing their rotting or fermentation), which can be found in the plants and animals, but the human body. In their vast majority, are resistant to antibiotics mycoplasmele beta-lactam (penicillin), lack cell wall.
Nutritional needs of these bacteria are extremely complex, especially because of the small size of the genome mycoplasmatic. In some species of animals, mycoplasmele have the ability to colonize mucosal surfaces, producing a variety of chronic inflammatory diseases with an office in the respiratory tract, genital tract, or joints.
There are 14 species of mycoplasmas that can defend the human host, and Mycoplasma species Mycoplasma oral salivarum most commonly colonizes the oral cavity mucosa, while the species Mycoplasma pneumonia is responsible for producing certain types of pneumonia. Mycoplasma hominis and Ureaplasma species erealyticum have the ability to colonize the urinary tract mucosa, without any symptoms of infectious causes, in addition, these two species are responsible for the occurrence of opportunistic infections in newborns, and adults.
Opportunistic infections are diseases caused by certain pathogens, which usually are not aggressive, but are distinguished from virulent dezlvolta when the body of a patient who shows a state of immune deficiency, so opportunistic pathogen (amid immune depression) may imfectioase result in severe complications, relevenate for this kind of pathology, are opportunistic infections that may occur in the disease HIV / AIDS - pulmonary tuberculosis.
Mycoplasma genitalium, Mycoplasma penetrans and Mycoplasma Fermentas represents three other bacterial species that have been identified as urinary tract or respiratory tract, the conditions for growth and development of these three distinct species, are much more complex than the rest Mycoplasma species.
Mycobacterial genus includes a number of gram-positive bacteria, aerobic and immobile, able to form filamentous structures, many of these species can cause human or animal host disease: Mycobacterium leprae (Hansen's bacillus) - produces leprosy, Mycobacterium tuberculosis - tuberculosis produces , Mycobacterium bovis - produce tuberculosis in animals (cattle), and joint and lung infections in humans, Mycobacterium avis - TB occurs in birds, Mycoplasma panumonia - pruduce prnumonie human primary atypical.
One-fifth of cases of pneumonia in specialty clinics are due to infection with Mycoplasma pneumoniae. Pneumonia is an inflammation of the alveoli, interstitial tissue and bronsiolelor of the lung caused by infection with certain bacteria or viruses, or by the action of harmful chemical substances (drugs, eleiuri, etc.) also, ionizing radiation can cause pneumonia . Used in isolation, the term "pneumonia" is often referred to "acute lobar pneumonia" caused by pneumococcus. "Penumoniile atypical" is a group of lung diseases are very varied in terms of clinical aspects and production mecanisemlor.
Primary atypical pneumonia is an acute form of infectious lung disease, caused by the pathogen Mycoplasma pneumoniae by certain species of Rickettsia, Chlamydia, or by certain viruses to infect the respiratory - paragripal adenovirus or virus. Primary atypical pneumonia resulted in a very noisy clinical symptoms: high fever, altered general porch, angina erythematous, dry cough that later becomes productive cough, all associated with discrete pulmonary radiological signs.
Reinfection with Mycoplama pneumoniae occurred in children, will trigger some rather violent immune reactions that indicate autoimunizarea body. Clinically speaking, primary atypical pneumonia, can lead to hematologic manifestations (hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, splenomegaly), skin (rash), heart (pericarditis and myocarditis), joints, digestive and kidney.
Pneuminie addition, Mycoplasma pneumoniae can produce tracheobronchitis, bronchiolitis or throat (angina) - symptoms may persist for several weeks or months, infection with this pathogen is transmitted between individuals via contaminated aerosols, however, transmission by air is much slower compared with other respiratory infections infect. The incubation period of infection is up to 21 days, cases of pneumonia have been reported in urban areas year-round calendar, usually with Mycoplasma pneumonia epidemics occur with a cyclicity of 3-7 years.
The incidence of respiratory infection with Mycoplasma pneumoniae is high among children aged under five years and the rate of hospitalization. Almost a fifth of cases of pneumonia occurred among adults are due to infection with this pathogen. One possible with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia, should be considered when we want to realize the differential diagnosis of respiratory infections, because this disease affects not only extreme age groups - children and the elderly.