Migraine

Migraine

    * Introduction
    * Migraine mechanisms producing
    * Treatment of Migraine
The term migraine is derived from Galen. An accepted definition of migraine headache today is benign recurrent and / or neurological dysfunction that usually follows after periods without pain and is often caused by stimuli stereotype. Severe headache attacks are often a pulsating character and are associated with vomiting and scalp tenderness.

The causes of migraines:

 
Migraine can be caused by red wine consumption, hunger, menstruation, sleep deprivation, bright light, periods of depression, perfumes, and is relieved by sleep, pregnancy, feeling the joy. It is more common in women. There is a hereditary predisposition to migraine attacks. Intracranial circulatory phenomena that accompany migraine attacks seem to be secondary to central nervous system dysfunction.

 
Clinical Subtypes

Classic migraine
Also called migraine with aura is attributed to the syndrome of headache associated with premonitory symptoms of sensory, motor or visual. Premonitory visual symptoms occur most frequently as scotoamele or hallucinations that occur in central parts of the visual field. In 10% of patients can see a very characteristic phenomenon: it outlines a paracentric scotom taking shape over time "C". This phenomenon is characteristic of migraine, but never appears during the painful phase.

Common migraine
Also called migraine without aura is characterized by cyclical benign headache, lasting for several hours and is the most common type of headache. Focal neurological disorders are more frequent during the crisis.

Basilar migraine
The attacks manifest as disorders of brainstem function, such as dysarthria, vertigo, or diplopia. These disorders occur as single events at 25% of patients. Basilar migraine begins with total loss of vision associated with vertigo, dysarthria, ataxia, tinnitus, paralysis and sometimes distal and perioral confusional state. It meets both children and adults. The teenager is found often full episodes of blindness. Neurological symptoms persist for 20-30 minutes, then followed by throbbing occipital headache. Sensory alteration can persist up to 5 days. Generally after these episodes is total return.

Carotidinia
Also called "facial migraine" or "lower headache", is seen frequently in patients aged 40-60 years. It is characterized by dull or throbbing pain located in the jaw, neck, jaw or in the periorbital region. Attacks last from several minutes to several hours. The pain of the ipsilateral carotid artery pulses occur with cervical carotid tenderness, swelling of surrounding soft tissue and homolateral headache throbbing Co. A trigger is carotidiniei of dental trauma.

Symptoms accompanying severe crisis of migraine:

 
The most common accompanying events: - Nausea - Vomiting - Dizziness - Photophobia (sensitivity to bright light) - Scalp sensitivity

 
Other common events: - Diarrhea - Visual disturbances - Paresthesia - Vertigo - Alterations of consciousness