Short bowel syndrome

Short bowel syndrome

    * Introduction
    * Pathogenesis
    * Causes
    * Signs and symptoms
    * Diagnosis
    * Treatment
Short bowel syndrome is a clinical condition characterized by malabsorption, diarrhea, steatorrhea, fluid and electrolyte imbalance and alnutritie. Common cause is loss of functional or anatomical sections of the small intestine. Thus the absorption is compromised.
The etiology of the short bowel syndrome encountered in children include: necrotizing enterocolitis, intestinal atresia and recurrent intestinal obstructions. In adults the most common diseases that cause this syndrome include: Crohn's disease, radiation enteritis, mesenteric vascular accidents, trauma and recurrent intestinal obstruction.
The clinical picture usually includes weight loss associated with diarrhea, fatigue, malaise and lethargy. Vitamin deficiency may cause changes in vision, shortness of breath, anorexia. Malnutrition lowers the protein and loss of muscle mass and poor weight gain in children.
Therapeutic decision is taken depending on the quality and functional bowel stuck mechanisms that influence bowel, including colon and ileocaecal valve functionality. Treatment includes vitamin supplementation and deficient parenteral nutrition. Parenteral nutrition introduced early how to help the intestine to adapt and reduce tipm period that is required for this procedure. Parenteral nutrition without an adequate Apor calories, protein, micto-and macronutrients. Most patients require parenteral therapy for 7-10 days.
Surgical therapy depends on the patient's clinical status and underlying disease. In general, surgery is indicated as a last resort when the rest of therapeutic methods, including parenteral nutrition and pharmacological compensation have been tried unsuccessfully. In some patients, surgery may be necessary due to complications nutrition and over-extended or enteric bacterial stasis. Surgery can be divided into non-transplant techniques, transplantation and organ transplantation without combination of organ transplantation and the gut.