Strongiloidosis

Strongiloidosis

    * Introduction
    * Signs and symptoms
    * Diagnosis
    * Treatment
Strongiloza is an intestinal parasite worm Strongyloides stercoralis filiform. Infection is initiated by exposing skin to soil contaminated with larvae that penetrate intact skin, migrate to the lungs where they mature and are reingerate gut. Infection may be asymptomatic. Symptoms arise out of a skin allergic reaction to migrating larvae, characterized by erythema, urticaria migration, and eruption macropapulare. Gastrointestinal syndrome include: anorexia, epigastric pain and tenderness feeler, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting. Respiratory syndrome is less common and include pneumonia, cough, and eosinophilia wfeezing. Diagnosis based on direct visualization of larvae in the stool is positive in 25% of cases. Repeated examinations coproparasitological, chairs and method agar concentration increases sensitivity to 85%. ELISA is also significantly above 90%, but can give false positive results in patients infected with other intestinal nematodes or filarioze. Eosinophilia is present but can be suppressed by the use of corticosteroids or cytotoxic chemotherapeutic agents. Treatment using ivermectin effective for uncomplicated clinical forms in hiperinfectii ivermectin is associated with albendazole. Healing must coproparasitological repeated admission exam. Prevention involves avoiding endemic areas and contact with contaminated soil.
Pathogenesis
The life cycle of Strongyloides larvae is more complex than other nematodes, parasitism and alternate with non-parasitic life cycle in nature. Free life cycle includes larvae removed on the ground with the feces, which are breeding twice and become infective larvae filariforme, or four times and turn into free adult females and males on the ground. They are mating, the female lays eggs from which larvae hatch rabditiforme, which may become a new generation of adults or larvae on the ground free of infectious filiform. Filiform larvae penetrate the skin of the human host and initiates a new parasite life cycle. The parasite life cycle, the larvae penetrate intact human skin and reach the lymphatic circulatory system, lung alveoli, respectively. From there they are transported up through the bronchial tree into the pharynx, swallowed and transported in the gut. Intestinal twice multiply and develop into adult females, and that will lay eggs in the intestinal wall by parthenogenesis (do not need males for fertilization). Rabditiforme larvae are either eliminated or reinfecteaza seat on the floor of the host by penetrating the skin and anal area. Primoinfectia Autoinfectia is more severe than on the ground because the larvae reach the lungs, or disseminate throughout the body and turn into adults in different organs.