Wednesday, January 5, 2011

Eczema

Since it is constantly exposed to environmental factors, skin can be affected by many diseases, one of the most common being eczema.
Eczema reprezinta un grup de afectiuni, care se manifesta prin inflamatia pielii, insotita de eritem, microvezicule, scuame si de prurit. Eczema is a group of diseases that is manifested by inflammation of the skin accompanied by redness, microvezicule, flakiness and itching. Poate debuta in primii ani de viata si se observa si la sugari. May begin early in life and is observed in infants.
Eczema este cea mai frecventa boala de piele, determinand pana la 30% din consultatiile dermatologice. Eczema is the most common skin disease, causing up to 30% of dermatological consultations. Intre 10 si 20% din populatia globului sufera de eczema, mai frecvent in timpul copilariei. Between 10 and 20% of the world population suffers from eczema, most frequently during childhood. Conform celor mai recente statistici, numarul cazurilor a crescut de doua sau chiar de trei ori in ultimii 30 ani. According to the latest statistics, the number of cases rose by two or even three times in the last 30 years.
Pentru a explica aceasta incidenta in crestere a eczemei, au fost avansate mai multe ipoteze. To explain the rising incidence of eczema, many hypotheses have been advanced. De exemplu, se crede ca modificarea obiceiurilor alimentare ale sugarului determinata de renuntarea la alaptarea la san si expunerea precoce la alergenii alimentari joaca un rol in aparitia acestei boli la varsta pediatrica. For example, it is believed that changing dietary habits in infants caused by giving up breastfeeding and early exposure to food allergens that play a role in pediatric diseases.
Cea mai frecventa forma a eczemei este dermatita atopica sau eczema atopica. The most common form of eczema is atopic dermatitis or atopic eczema. Termenul de atopie se refera la predispozitia genetica de a dezvolta unele afectiuni alergice, precum astmul si rinita alergica . The term atopy refers to some genetic predisposition to develop allergic diseases such as asthma and allergic rhinitis .
Cu ajutorul tratamentelor eczema poate fi controlata de catre majoritatea pacientilor. With treatment eczema can be controlled by most patients.


Principalele tipuri de eczema The main types of eczema

Eczema atopica sau dermatita atopica (DA) este cea mai frecventa forma de eczema cronica. Atopic eczema or atopic dermatitis (AD) is the most common form of chronic eczema. Ea It
afecteaza subiectii cu teren alergic si survine indeosebi la sugari. subjects with allergic affects land and occurs mainly in infants. Simptomele sunt declansate de alergeni precum praful din casa, acarienii si polenul. Symptoms are triggered by allergens such as house dust, mites and pollen. Poate fi secundara unei alergii la anumite alimente (oua, soia, produse lactate). May be secondary to allergies to certain foods (eggs, soy, dairy products).

Dermatita atopica este o reactie excesiva a sistemului imunitar la diversi alergeni. Atopic dermatitis is an excessive reaction of the immune system to various allergens.
Atopia este predispozitia spre reactii alergice in contactul cu alergeni inofensivi pentru majoritatea populatiei. Atopy is a predisposition to allergic reactions to contact allergens harmless for most people. Persoanele cu teren atopic prezinta deseori, simultan sau alternativ, diverse reactii alergice: rinita alergica, urticarie, astm sau alergii alimentare . People often have atopic simultaneously or alternatively, various allergic reactions: allergic rhinitis, urticaria, asthma or food allergies . Aceste alergii au o componenta ereditara, deoarece se intalnesc mai multe cazuri in cadrul aceleiasi familii. These allergies have an inherited component, as more cases are found within the same family.

In prezent, cauza eczemei atopice nu se cunoaste cu precizie. Currently, the cause of atopic eczema is not known with precision. In 90% din cazuri, acest tip de eczema survine inaintea varstei de 5 ani. In 90% of cases, this type of eczema occurs before age 5. In mod exceptional, adultii expusi la diversi alergeni sau iritanti in mediul de lucru sufera de dermatita atopica. In exceptional cases, adults exposed to various allergens or irritants in the working environment is suffering from atopic dermatitis.

Dermatita de contact survine in urma contactelor prelungite sau repetate cu substante foarte variate (spuma de baie, sapunul, transpiratia sau saliva). Contact dermatitis occurs after prolonged or repeated contact with very different substances (bubble bath, soap, sweat or saliva).
Dermatita de contact alergica este o reactie ce poate fi instantanee, sau se poate declansa la cateva ore dupa contactul cu anumite plante, produse chimice sau metale (de exemplu, nichel din bijuterii sau din monede). Contact dermatitis is an allergic reaction that can be instant, or it may trigger a few hours after contact with certain plants, chemicals or metals (eg nickel in jewelry or coins). Simptomele pot varia in intensitate, in functie de natura produsului in cauza, variind la simpla inrosire pana la ulcerare. Symptoms vary in severity depending on the nature of the product in question, ranging from simple redness to ulceration.

Eczema seboreica – se manifesta prin aparitia de scuame galbui, grase, cel mai adesea pe scalp. Seborrheic Eczema - manifested by the appearance of yellowish scales, fat, most often on the scalp.
Eczema seboreica poate afecta sugarul sau adultul. Seborrheic Eczema can affect infants or adults. La adulti, eczema seboreica poate afecta fata, urechile si pieptul. In adults, seborrheic eczema can affect the face, ears and chest. In unele cazuri, poate fi insotita de o infectie cu ciuperci de tipul Candida. In some cases, be accompanied by an infection with Candida type fungi.

No comments:

Post a Comment