Collagen colitis and lymphocytic colitis

Collagen colitis and lymphocytic colitis

    * Introduction
    * Causes and Risk Factors
    * Signs and symptoms
    * Diagnosis
    * Treatment
Microscopic colitis is the term used to describe both the lymphocytic colitis and the collagen, these pathological conditions suspected in any patient who shows inexlicabila diarrhea without blood. Patients were evaluated by sigmoidoscopy or colonoscopy for unexplained diarrhea who have normal endoscopic features require biopsy for diagnosis and exclusion of other forms of microscopic colitis.
Lymphocytic colitis and the collagen are relatively rare diseases that are diagnosed when a patient with chronic diarrhea has blood apaoasa without endoscopic or radiographic normal colon but colonic biopsies show inflammatory changes. Because the mucosa is ulcerated or broken diarrhea does not contain blood or pus.
Both conditions are observed most often in people over 40 years with a peak of incidence at 60-70 years, and the incidence of both diseases increases with age. Isolated cases have been reported in younger populations, including children. Symptoms include watery diarrhea, massive, without blood or pus develops a few months up to 2-3 years before being diagnosed. The clinical picture also includes abdominal cramping, fecal incontinence, weight loss.
Treatment options are limited empirical and recurrence of diarrhea. Avoid foods and drugs may predispose to diarrhea that can soothe the symptoms can worsen the clinical picture. If colitis refractory to medical therapy is efficacious continue or are intolerable to the patient may be indicated colectomy or ileostomy. Morbidity is limited to diarrhea and malabsorbtiei consequences, including metabolic abnormalities such as hypokalemia and dehydration, weight loss, fatigue, and vitamin deficiency. It is not considered a life threatening condition, however, watery diarrhea and severe dehydration can lead to electrolyte abnormalities requiring intensive resuscitation.
Pathogens.
Lymphocytic colitis and the collagen are relatively rare pathological conditions that are diagnosed in a patient with watery diarrhea without blood or pus and normal colon endoscopy or radiography, but colony biopsy showing inflammatory changes. Because the mucosa is ulcerated or broken diarrhea does not contain blood or pus. Features include lymphocytic colitis lymphocytic infiltration in the colonic epithelium. Collagen colitis shares these features but it shows a thinning of collagen subepitelial bed. Lymphocytic colitis and collagen that have been suggested to represent different phases of a single pathophysiological process with lymphocytic colitis can be a precursor to the initial phase of colitis collagen. However, these assumptions have not been proven.
Diarrhea in colitis collagen is due to the inflammatory process rather than subepitelial layer of collagen, although this layer serves as a cofactor in the role of diffusion barrier. High levels of immunoreactive prostaglandin E2 in the water in the stool may contribute to secretory diarrhea. Some patients with colitis collagen and collagen infiltration of duodenum competition and / or bowel dysfunction ileum demonstrated by reduced absorption of D-xylose. Some patients with collagen colitis have an increased secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor, a peptide that triggers fibrosis.