Ischemic stroke (cerebral ischaemia)

Ischemic stroke (cerebral ischaemia)

    * Introduction
    * Clinical
    * Diagnosis
    * Prevention of stroke
    * Ischemic stroke therapy
Cerebral ischemia occurs when cerebral blood flow is reduced penrtu few seconds or minutes. If reducing the flow lasts for more than a few minutes, cerebral infarction occurs.
Generalized reduction of cerebral blood flow (as occurs in hypotension) causes syncope, heart attacks in border areas of the cerebral arteries, even in a particular area of brain necrosis. A reduction in neurological deficits lead to localized focus.
Cerebral infarctions occur most frequently in the elderly.
Causes ischemic attack
The most common causes of cerebral ischemia and infarction are atherosclerosis with thromboembolism and cardiogenic embolism. Atherosclerosis usually affects the internal carotid artery origin and the origin of major arterial branches of the brain. Atherosclerotic plaques cause narrowing and obstruction of blood flow hemodynamics. Embolism occurs when plaque rupture, and necrotic material (such as cholesterol crystals and tissue debris) is released into circulation and clog blood vessels.
Other causes are: vasculitis (collagen vascular disease, tuberculous meningitis, mycotic or bacterial), carotid dissection or intracranial arteries, blood disorders like polycythemia, thrombocytosis, disseminated intravascular coagulation, emboli originating in the common carotid artery bifurcation or carotid siphon, states hypercoagulable, eclampsia of pregnancy, oral contraceptives, lupus, cerebral vasospasm, cerebral vasoconstriction reversible dehydration, systemic cancer, cocaine and amphetamines.