Aerosinuzita (barosinuzita)

Aerosinuzita is a painful inflammation of the membranes and sometimes hemorrhagic paranasal sinus cavities and frontal sinus.It is caused by air pressure difference between inside and outside the cavities. Most cases occur in divers and aviation and is easily diagnosed when it shows immediately after exposure. The problem may remain undiagnosed when history tells no symptoms of exposure to environmental pressure changes. Sinus barotrauma is typically preceded by a respiratory tract infection or allergy.Affected person suffers from facial pain or headache strong increase during the approaching ground. The pain can become debilitating if the pressure is reversed.
Pressure differences cause swelling of the lining of the sinus mucosa defending submucosal hemorrhage, sinus ventilation became difficult, especially if the holes are involved. Finally, fluid or blood will fill the space. In most cases barotraumas frontal sinus pain is located predominantly symptom. It caused pain that originates from the frontal sinus. Less pain is temporal or occipital region retrobulbala. Serosanguinolente secretions from the nose or nosebleeds may occur. Neurological symptoms may affect the cranial nerve and especially five infraorbital nerve.
Aerosinuzita has been known since the early years of development of medicine aviators. Rapid changes of altitude and ambient pressure passengers exposed to an increased number of episodes of barotrauma.The rising air in the paranasal sinuses will expand according to Boyle's law and will shrink in the descent. Normal sinuses are cleaned by low clearance and ventilation osiumuri by pressure balance. But when they are blocked due to inflammation, polyps, mucosal thickening, anatomical abnormalities or other injuries balancing pressure is impossible. Differences in pressure are directed towards producing central sinus mucosal edema, and hematoma growth, leading to transudare ostiumurilor sinus occlusion. Sinuses fill up with blood if the pressure is not neutralized.
Barotraumas mild cases are treated with topical decongestants and anatalgice. In severe cases resistant to topical treatment or functional endoscopic surgery is indicated to restore sinus drainage and ventilation. This treatment has shown good results in aviators who suffer from recurrent barotrauma. Computer-guided surgery of sphenoid sinus drainage restored affected.