Hypoglossal nerve paralysis

Hypoglossal nerve paralysis
Or cranial nerve XII hypoglossal nerve is a motor nerve innervating muscles totally tongue. Each nerve innervating ipsilateral half of tongue. XII nerve has its origin in the bulb, the nucleus or fourth ventricle floor was positioned. Hipoglosului fibers apparently originated in the ditch preolivar, and after that come together in a common trunk leaving the skull through the hole condilian earlier, and then distributing the tongue muscles.

Causes

Nerve nucleus, and its efferent fibers may be affected by intramedullary lesions such as tumors, poliomyelitis or motor neurone disease. Lesions that can compress the nerve or intracranial route or hypoglossal canal are: occipital bone lesions or lesions meningeene meninges at the base of the skull as platibazia, intussusception occipital condyles, Paget's disease.

Clinical

Atrophy and fasciculations language is installed for several weeks or months after nerve injury.

Unilateral hypoglossal nerve paralysis resulting in a lingual hemiatrofie.
Language is gathered, and shows the atrophied muscle fibrillation. When the patient tries to stick out his tongue, its tip is deflected by the action of the sick to the healthy muscle genioglos.

In the case of bilateral paralysis of hypoglossal nerve, tongue shows global atrophy, impaired motility, chewing and swallowing embarrassment and dysarthria.