Sarcoidosis

Sarcoidosis

    * Introduction
    * Clinical
    * Diagnosis
    * Treatment
Sarcoidosis, also known as Boeck disease, is a rare disease of inflammatory origin, characterized by the formation of nodules of inflammation (granulomas) that may occur in virtually any organ.

The cause of sarcoidosis has not been clarified until now, but it requires conditioning environmental factors and genetic factors. Approximately half of asymptomatic cases evolve. Typology of symptoms depends on the organ. The lungs are frequently involved, the problem becomes visible on a radiograph.

Sarcoidosis can develop both acute and chronic. Acute Sarcoidosis has a better prognosis and often heal without treatment and without complications. Prognosis of chronic sarcoidosis is serious. Patients usually respond well to treatment with corticosteroids. In some cases it can be avoided by limiting the duration of lung function. About 5% of patients with sarcoidosis die.

 
Definition Sarcoidosis is a chronic inflammatory disease, rare, affecting mainly the lungs and lymph nodes, but can meet anywhere in the body. Because sarcoidosis is characterized mainly by the presence of small collections called granulomas, also called granulomatosis disease. Nodular formations consisting of granulation tissue is formed by activating the immune system. Depending on the mechanism leading to activation of the immune system, there are a variety of nodes, whose structure differs histologically: infectious granuloma in tuberculosis, rheumatic granuloma, etc.. Carcteristic for nodules of sarcoidosis is that epithelial cells and macrophages may be seen, but not dead tissue (necrosis missing panel). Therefore, these nodules also called granulomas without cazeificare.

 
Prevalence

Annually 10 to 40 people (of 100,000) are sick of sarcoidosis. It occurs most commonly on the age range 20-40 years and affects more women than men. The incidence increases significantly in some population groups (eg African Americans) or in some countries (Sweden and Iceland), due to genetic or environmental factors.

 
Etiology

So far not clear due to sarcoidosis, but the suspected action of several factors, including: Pollutants that enter the body via the respiratory In most patients appear in lung granulomas. Lung impairment may establish both the onset and afterwards, so the immune system can be activated by inhalation of noxious substances. Still have not identified specific hazards that cause disease, but presumably it could be bacteria, fungi, viruses, chemicals, pollen, dust.
Genetics Given that approximately 5% of cases of sarcoidosis occurring in the family, it is assumed that genetic factors play a role in causing disease. Furthermore, it was found that the risk of sarcoidosis due to certain genetic mutations increases.