Benign liver

Benign liver

    * Introduction
    * Pathogenesis and causes
    * Signs and symptoms
    * Diagnosis
    * Treatment
Hepatic adenoma is a benign tumor that affects mostly femeiloe childbearing age who use oral contraceptives. They are solitary or multiple nodules. The presence of more than 10 liver nodules cause a nosological entity called liver adenomatosis. In 90% of cases are sporadic adenomas, and only in rare cases develop within the family.
Occurrence of adenomas is usually associated with oral contraceptive use. Other risk factors include androgen therapy and glycogen storage disease.
Hepatic adenoma is the most common benign tumor and has an estimated incidence of 3 per million in two years. Symptomatic patients usually present with right upper quadrant pain secondary singerarii adenoma. At initial presentation to the doctor the symptoms are attributed to cholecystitis. Abnormal liver function may be secondary necrosis or hemorrhage. Some individuals may present with acute abdomen and life-threatening hemorrhage caused by rupture of the adenoma and peritoneal hemorrhage. Some adenomas are detected incidentally during imaging studies for liver or laparoscopy cholecystectomy.
One complication is the malignant transformation of hepatic adenoma. Because the risk of spontaneous hemorrhage and malignant transformation associated with large tumors, surgical resection is indicated for tumors larger than 5 cm in diameter.
After resection is important in patient monitoring by ultrasound and measuring the evolution of alpha-fetoprotein level. The risk of malignant transformation remains high even after cessation of use of contraceptives and steroids. The mortality rate associated with acute peritoneal hemorrhage is 20%. Pregnancy was associated with liver adenoma and adenoma rupture during pregnancy cause increased rates of maternal and fetal mortality.