Constipation

Constipation

    * Introduction
    * Signs and symptoms
    * Diagnosis
    * Treatment
Constipation is a delayed evacuation of bowel contents (over 48 hours) coprologic accompanied by a syndrome characterized by low volume and high consistency of stools and complete digestion.
Dischezia or rectal constipation is the term that is used in situation when there is delay in disposal of faeces from the rectum, large intestine transit in the rest is grave.
The patient exhibited symptoms and signs include: abdominal fullness, sometimes on the topography of the colon, nausea, vomiting, food, loss of appetite, belching, heartburn, flatulence.
Constipation is a symptom not a disease itself. Almost everyone has experienced episodes of constipation, due to an inadequate diet. Majotitatea constipation is temporary and does not raise serious concerns.
Acute or subacute Constipation in older people require further investigation for possible damage blocked colony. Constipation in children is defined as hard stools that cause discomfort and is most often caused by lack of dietary fiber. Chronic constipation can contribute to the onset of bed-wetting and urinary infection (urinary in bed).
Constipation can be treated easily by increasing the amount of fiber in your diet and ensure effective hydration. Changing lifestyle is important. Laying on the toilet for 5-10 minutes after eating helps relax the digestive tract and a routine training with defecation, the body gets used. If constipation is not resolved by recourse to the diet drugs that increase colonic peristalsis and soften stool. Enemas can be a solution to severe constipation.
Pathogenesis
Constipation is classified into two categories: the habitual and the symptom. Habitual constipation, functional disorders are due to a primitive motor colon (inefficient propulsive motion) plus the disturbances in the act of defecation (willful or reflex inhibition of defecation), sedentary lifestyle, low-fiber diet food, hygienic conditions. It is especially common in women.
The condition is symptomatic of many problems during the install. Lack of vegetable fiber in the diet is the most common cause of constipation, with fatty foods such as meat, eggs and cheese. -Soluble and insoluble fibers are indigestible part of fruits, vegetables and cereals. Soluble fiber dissolves quickly in water and d have a velvety texture intestinal contents. Insoluble fiber passes almost unchanged through the gut. 20-35 grams of fiber are recommended daily. Children and adults eat too many refined and processed foods from which natural fibers have been removed.
An insufficient hydration can avoid the constipation. Liquids increase colonic fluid bowel movements easier doing. People with constipation should drink liquids every day. Liquids that contain caffeine and cola drinks will worsen the symptoms of dehydration. Alcohol is another beverage that causes dehydration.
Lack of daily physical activity can lead to constipation and is more common in the elderly.
Some medications cause constipation, such as: -Analgesics, narcotics, antacids, aluminum and calcium on Calcium channel blockers -Parkinson drugs, antispasmodicele -Antidepressants, iron supplements, diuretics, anticonvulsants.
Changes in daily routine. During pregnancy, women may be constipated because of hormonal changes in bowel or uterine compression. Older people can affect bowel movements by slowing metabolism by muscle weakness and poor bowel activity.
Abuse of laxatives. There is a myth that a person has to defecate at least once a day, on his own initiative that some people use laxatives as needed during the consumption of laxatives increase the dosage to be increased efficiency, and the body is based on them coming out of normalcy .
Inhibition of defecation willed. Some people do not want to use toilets outside their homes and their body signals when they need to abstain defecation, defecation accustoming the body to long periods of time.
Causes
Constipation is installed in the course of symptomatic disease: -Ano-rectal diseases: anal fissures, anal stenosis, prolapse, perianal abscess, rectocel, tumors -Colonic disease: irritable bowel syndrome, diverticulosis, tumors, strictures,, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, ischemia colony, tuberculosis, hernias, volvulus, endometriosis -Pelvic causes: pregnancy, postpartum, uterine tumors, ovarian endometriosis -Neuromuscular diseases: disease Hirschprung, autonomous neuropathy, Chagas disease, intestinal pseudo-obstruction, stroke, brain tumors, tabes, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's, dermatomyositis, SLE Metabolic diseases, diabetes, uremia, hypercalcemia, hypothyroidism, feocrocitom -Mental illness: depression, anorexia nervosa.