Lung cancer

Lung cancer

    * Introduction
    * Etiology
    * Clinical
    * Diagnosis
    * Treatment
    * Evolution
Lung cancer (bronchial carcinoma) is a malignant tumor located in the lung, originating in bronchial cells. The classic way to distinguish two major types of bronchial carcinoma carcinoma and small cell carcinoma macrocelular. The two forms differ depending on how you grow, treatment and prognosis. Most lung cancer is often discovered by chance, during a normal radiograph of the chest. Early symptoms are shortness of breath and constant coughing and expectoration occurs in advanced stages of blood (haemoptysis), and weight loss. Lung cancer is favored by certain factors such as cigarette smoke and dust inhalation in the work environment (eg asbestos dust). The average age of illness is 65 years. There are two types of lung cancer: small cell carcinoma and carcinoma macrocelular. Small cell carcinoma is more difficult to treat than macrocelular as metastases in other organs so quickly. Treatment of lung cancer relies primarily on chemotherapy leading, most often a visible shrinkage of the tumor. Increase the chances of cure if symptoms are recognized early and tratamntul begin immediately. Macromolecular carcinoma develops locally, without giving metastases. Therefore, treatment aimed at removing the malignant tumor, valid option for approximately 20% of patients. The surgery is completed with chemo-and radiotherapy are used in inoperable tumors. Given that smoking is one of the main risk factors of lung cancer, smoking cessation is recommended to decrease the risk of illness.
Macrocelular carcinoma Macrocelular carcinoma usually develop locally and rarely form metastases, so his chances of cure are better than those of small cell carcinoma. Depending on the histological structure, it can be further classified into: - Epidermoid carcinoma: is an average of 40% of the total cases of lung cancer; - Adenocarcinoma: 35% of bronchial carcinomas. It represents the most common form of cancer in nonsmokers; - Large cell undifferentiated carcinoma;
Small cell carcinoma Microcell carcinomas represent only 15% of all lung cancers and due to rapid proliferation and because early forms daughter tumors (metastases) has a worse prognosis than carcinoma macrocelular. Approximately 80% of patients already have metastases at the time of diagnosis.