Pulmonary vasculitis

Pulmonary vasculitis Pulmonary vasculitis designates a number of separate diseases whose pathological feature is the destruction of blood vessels. Clinical manifestations of each disease are determined by size, type and location of vessels destroyed. Clinical approach to these diseases is based on identifying abnormalities of clinical notes, radiological and laboratory tests. Pulmonary involvement occurs especially in primary vasculitis, idiopathic, associated with cytoplasmic antibodies antineutrofili that affects small-caliber vessels: Wegener's granulomatosis, microscopic poliangiita Churg-Strauss syndrome. But there is risk of lung damage in case of primary idiopathic vasculitis that affects the blood vessels of medium size or large, if immune-mediated primary vasculitis and secondary vasculitis.
Diagnosis and treatment of systemic vasculitis is one of the biggest challenges of clinical medicine. The incidence is rare: 20-100 cases per million. Signs and symptoms that occur are nonspecific and overlap with infections, connective tissue disease (collagen) and malignancies.
Cases vary widely, so it is extremely rare for a patient to present to present all the clinical picture "classic." This combination of factors generally result in a delayed diagnosis. In patients with vasculitis dianosticati case identification is a challenge, especially because of the disease, complications arising from medical treatment or superinfection. In terms of pathology, vasculitis is defined by the presence of inflammatory cells, destruction of blood vessels and tissue necrosis. Characteristics of the inflammatory process (granulomatosis, eosinophilia, neutrophilia) may be relevant for diagnosis. Clinical particularities of each disease are determined by location, size and type of blood vessels involved, but also the extension of inflammation, tissue necrosis and vascular destruction.
1. Wegener's granulomatosis
Graulomatoza Wegener is a rare type of inflammation of small arteries and veins (arterioles, Venu) (vasculitis) that classically affects the arteries that supply oxygenated blood to the lung tissue, kidney and nasal sinuses. The disease can also manifest "incomplete" in that it affects only one of these regions. If you are involved in both lungs, and kidneys, we speak of systemic Wegener's granulomatosis. If pathology is restricted to the lungs, is called limited Wegener's granulomatosis. In addition to blood vessel inflammation, Wegener's granulomatosis is characterized by producing a type of tissue inflammation called granulomas, which are formed around blood vessels and have them potentially destructive. Wegener's granulomatosis usually affects young adults of age or average. Although it is rare in children, it can actually occur at any age. more about Wegener Graulomatoza
2. Churg-Strauss Syndrome
Churg-Strauss syndrome is a particular type of systemic vasculitis, which was first described in 1951 by doctors Jacob Churg and Lotte Strauss as a syndrome of asthma, eosinophilia (increased number of eosinophils in the blood), fever, and vasculitis in various organs. Churg-Strauss syndrome has many clinical and pathological features of poliarteritei Nodo, but it is distinguished by the presence of granulomas and excessive increase of eosinophils numatrului. Churg-Strauss syndrome, also known as allergic granulomatosis. The disease occurs in adult patients who have a history of asthma or allergy and inflammation shows small blood vessels (known as Angie) from the lungs, skin, nerves, and abdomen. more about Churg-Strauss