Avoiding exposure to known allergens is the first stage of antiallergic treatment. Eliminating the allergen is not always possible, such as pollen allergies.
Medications
Various drugs can alleviate symptoms of rhinitis. Some are taken orally, others in the form of nasal sprays or eye drops (ophthalmic eyewash).Antihistamines - block the release of histamine, a substance that causes allergic symptoms. It acts on nasal secretions, itching and sneezing.Nasal decongestants - rapidly reduces inflammation in the nasal tissue and are often associated with antihistamines. Are in the form of syrups, tablets or nasal sprays. Indicated only as a temporary measure and should not be used more than 3 consecutive days, because they can lead a rebound.Nasal Corticosteroids - are anti-inflammatory drugs that block the allergic reaction. Are prescribed in case of failure of treatment with antihistamines, especially in people suffering from perennial allergic rhinitis.Cromoglicatul sodium - is used in the form of nasal spray and eye drops and prevents the release of histamine and other chemical mediators, initiators of allergic reactions. Particularly effective and well tolerated by children, drugs containing sodium cromoglicat play a preventive role of allergic reactions.
Desensitization therapy
When the cause of allergy is well defined, and drug treatments are not effective, it can appeal to a desensitization therapy which consists of injecting incremental doses of allergens. The therapy is especially effective in cases of allergy to pollen or dust mites.
Surgery
Surgery is indicated in cases of nasal anatomical abnormalities - a deviated septum, nasal polyps have - or to drain infected sinuses.
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