Break - Treatment of fractures

First aid consists of measures to limit pain and prevent further damage due to excessive mobility of the fragments. Limb immobilization and chest with a scarf at the normal pelvis with a bandage made of fracture mobility and relieve pain. Open fractures should be covered with clean material.Polifracturat For a long bone fracture is accompanied with great loss of blood to be replaced to prevent hypovolemic shock. I needed blood transfusions and plasma expanders. It is administered analgesics.
Treatment includes:Fracture reduction and re-fragment into anatomical positionFragments-restraint that keeps building until-Restore function.
Reduction and immobilization of fractures:It can be done by orthopedic or surgical means. Treatment should always be accompanied by functional recovery to ensure the restoration of the traumatized limb function.Reduction of fracture:Orthopedic treatment made by means of fracture reduction and immobilization nesingerinde. The reduction is necessary when there is a displacement of the fragments. The reduction is done under local anesthesia, regional or general to suppress pain and to achieve muscle relaxation. It may be under manual traction extemporaneous, progressive for a few minutes aiming at reduction after restoration of normal anatomic relationship with the heads or instrumental transcheletice extension. Extemporaneous, on the table or continue the immobilization of orthopedic outbreak and early callus formation.
Immobilization of fracture:Immobilization of a fracture is achieved through multiple small riser means. The device used is a circular plaster cast or splint. He must immobilize the overlying and underlying bone of the outbreak.Fiberglass resins and have replaced all the plaster. Immobilization can be achieved by pulling the lower limb Friendly transscheletica continue.
Surgery:It is indicated for orthopedic treatment failure or when it can not get the discount.Reducing bleeding transform a closed fracture in an open and emphasizes devascularizarea fragments.Immobilization or surgical fixation is done by screws, plates, wire, rod-osteosynthesis material. They are made of austenite steel, titanium and titanium alloys do not suffer corrosion.
External retainer:In open fractures with significant skin lesions using fixation materials are a threat and being able fragmantelor devascularizarea promote infection. In these cases consists of chips used externally threaded retainer or Kirschner pins in the bone fragments are fixed distance above and below the fracture fracture passing through the skin healthy. They are consolidated from the outside through bars or clubs.
The choice of fracture treatment, orthopedic surgery, as well as the type of surgery must take into account how the fracture, displacement and cominutie important, skin condition, patient's age.Functional recovery irrespective of the method orthopedic or surgical treatment must be started immediately after immobilization. It is achieved by contraction of muscles immobilized in a cast isometric and isotonic muscle that moves free segments. Mobilization of the patient in how it is beneficial.Progressively increase the recovery treatment as consolidation of the fracture, gradually increasing the load member. Add physiotherapy, swimming, hydrotherapy, occupational therapy.