Ewing Sarcoma - Diagnosis

Cytogenetic and molecular studies:-Are useful to confirm the diagnosis if it is discovered translocations t (11, 22)Use the fresh tissue and tumor tissue chilled with liquid nitrogen.Biopsy: If Ewing's sarcoma is probably require a biopsy. Biopsy specimen should be evaluated immunohistochemically with antibodies to differentiate lesions blue cell tumors such as rhabdomyosarcoma and lymphoma.
Imaging Studies:Radiography:Both long and flat bones are affected by Ewing's sarcoma since no one is immune to the development of bone cancer. The tumor is always long bones metaphyses or diaphysis. Radiograph shows a long lithic lesion, and diaphysis metamifa permeation in bone with prominent soft tissue mass extending to the bone. Sclerotic lesions are rare and occur in 25% of cases. Long bones radiograph shows flat lesion that destroys bone edges bounded bad. The lesion may invade the cortical bone. The apparent reaction model periostiala and onion bulb showing a process aggressively. Some patients may be present at the edges of the lesion triungiurile Codman. This occurs by increasing central periostiumului and bone destruction.Magnetic Resonance: Ewing's sarcoma is expanding its vascular and marrow cavity is greater than one indicates radiographs. MRI is recommended for staged tumors to bring information on the true extension of the lesion, as well as involvement of adjacent structures.CT scan helps define the bone destruction associated with Ewing sarcoma. Tumor size can be evaluated.Bone scintigraphy detected the tumor as focal area of ​​intense radionuclide activity. Whole body scans provide information about the primary lesion and detect occult lesions. Scintigraphy is used to locate distant metastases during tumor staging.The differential diagnosis is made with urmataoarele disease: Chondrosarcoma, eosinophilic granuloma, lymphoma, bone, osteomyelitis, leukemia, neuroblastoma metastatic osteosarcoma.