Cluster Headache

Cluster Headache
Cluster headache is also known that Äûsindromul Reader, have, Äûcefalalgia histamine, have or Äûnevralgia sfenopalatina have. Onset is between 20 and 50 years. It occurs 7-8 times more common in men.

 
Causes The painful crises are often precipitated by alcohol and less food or emotional stimuli. It seems that is not caused by hereditary factors.

 
Clinical
It meets in two forms: acute and chronic.

 
The most common form is acute and is characterized by 1-3 short attacks of periorbital pain per day in the region for 4-8 weeks, followed by a pain-free interval of about one year.
Periorbital pain appears suddenly and grows in intensity for 5 minutes. It has a very high intensity without fluctuations rarely throbbing and is strictly unilateral. In 50% of cases the onset is at night, waking the patient after 2 hours of sleep.
Attacks usually last 30 minutes and 2 hours and 70% of cases are caused by alcohol consumption. The onset of pain by alcohol is pathognomonic for cluster headache. Attacks are accompanied by a series of ipsilateral symptoms such as tearing, redness, ptosis, nasal obstruction, nausea.

 
Chronic form may occur at onset or after several years of breakthrough attacks. In this case there are no periods of remission, the pain is continuous. But sometimes chronic form can develop into acute form and vice versa.

 
Pathogenesis Recent studies have shown that the hypothalamus is the activation in this disease. Serotoninergic neurotransmiterea painful crises arise from abnormal and is not accompanied by changes in cerebral flow.

 
Treatment
Treatment consists of inhaling oxygen crisis 9L/min, the mask is the most effective treatment or 100% oxygen for 15 minutes if the crisis is too severe.
It can manage intranazal 4% lidocaine 2% topical or oily on the bottom of the nasal turbinates. Another option is the administration of sumatriptan 6 mg sc