Nail infection - paronychia

Nail infection - paronychia

    * Introduction
    * Symptoms and Diagnosis
    * Treatment
Paronychia (panaritiul) is infection of the soft tissue around the nail. Appears in two forms: acute and chronic. Etiology, and treatment of infectious agent is different in every shape, and the two forms are considered separate entities. Paronychia infections are found mostly in the hand, representing approximately 35% of all infections hands. Succeptibile persons include those with jobs that require prolonged immersion of hands in water, immunosuppressed people, those with HIV or undergoing steroid therapy are also susceptible to paronychia.
Patients with acute paronychia above shows a minor trauma to soft tissue near the nail. They experience pain, tenderness and swelling of the lateral nail fold. Untreated infection can lead to impaired eponichium eponichiie named so. Progressive expansion leads to an infection all around the nail. Chronic paronychia is persistent symptoms over 6 weeks. Pain, swelling and redness occur episodically.
Staphylococcus aureus is the most common infecting organism. Organisms such as Streptococcus and Pseudomonas, gram-negative and anaerobic bacteria are etiologic factors. Chronic paronychia is caused mainly by Candida albicans. Other conditions that lead to abnormalities in the nail folds and predispose to paronychia include psoriasis, cutaneous candidiasis, drug toxicity.
Treatment depends on the extent of infection. If diagnosed early is not abcedat Acute paronychia can be treated without surgery. If you developed an abscess incision and drainage should be performed. Surgical debridement may be necessary if this fulminant infection. Paronychia and herpes infection should be differentiated because the treatments are completely different. Paronychia of the fingers can cause severe infections, septic tenosynovitis, or osteomyelitis.
Pathogenesis panaritiului
Can be acute or chronic paronychia and result from disruption of its protective barrier between the nail fold nail. Organisms in the environment cause the nail entry zone colonization by bacteria or fungi.
Anatomy of the nail. Longitudinal angle is flanked by two lateral folds or perionichium. Eponichium proximity is covered. Perionichium distal region just below the nail free edge is hiponichium. Hiponichium serves as a physical barrier to resist bacterial infections. Sits on the nail bed nail. Nail bed is composed of two parts involved in the production, migration and nail maintenance. Proximal portion is called the nail matrix, contains active cells and is responsible for generating the nail us. Distal portion is sterile matrix, brings nail thickness and length. Visible white edge of the nail matrix is lunulata. It is white because of poor blood supply.
Causes and Risk Factors
Acute paronychia: Arise through a minor trauma, which interrupts the nail barrier protection and allows bacteria to enter -Can be triggered by insect bites, sucking fingers, onicofagia, manicure -Staphylococcus aureus is the most important infectious agents, followed by Streptococcus, Pseudomonas, and gram-negative anaerobic bacteria -Can occur as a manifestation of some diseases such as pemphigus vulgaris.
Chronic paronychia: -Is determined primarily by Candida albicans -Other causes include chronic paronychia rare viral, bacterial and mycobacterial -Metastatic cancer, squamous cell carcinoma and melanoma subunghial -Can occur in people who repeatedly expose their wet hands to have repeated contact with irritants such as acids and bases are light and other chemicals -Other pathological conditions associated with paronychia include psoriasis, mucocutaneous candidiasis, drug toxicity to retinoids and protease inhibitors -Indiavirul is an antiretroviral that cause paronychia in people treated for HIV.