Squamous cell carcinoma
Diagnosis
Laboratory studies:
-Indicate if there linfadenopatie by fine needle biopsy or excision.
Histological examination.
Squamous cell carcinoma in situ is characterized by atypical keratinocytes with intraepidermal proliferation. Note the epidermal hyperkeratosis, acanthosis, parakeratoza confluence. Keratinocytes have the classic look messy as blown by the wind. Asleep cell mitosis and hyperchromatic nuclei are predominant. Atypical keratinocytes are found in the basal layer and hair follicles extend up to but not invade the dermis.
The main feature that distinguishes the invasive carcinoma in situ basement membrane invasion of malignant keratinocytes in the dermis. Variants of squamous cell carcinoma include: keratoacanthoma, acantolitic carcinoma, sarcomatoid carcinoma, warts and carcinoma.
Squamous cell carcinoma staging:
Tx, primary tumor can not be assessed
To-no obvious primary tumor
Tis-carcinoma in situ
T1-tumor under 2 cm in diameter
T2-tumor 2-5 cm in diameter
T3-tumor over 5 cm diameter
T4, tumor with invasion of cartilage, muscle or bone.
The differential diagnosis is made with the following conditions: actinic keratosis, fibroxantomul atypical basal cell carcinoma, keratoacanthoma, pyoderma gangrenosum, warts.
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