Thursday, June 23, 2011

Neuroblastoma in children - Diagnosis

Issue positive diagnosis is made based on clinical data and those obtained laboratory.
By performing chest radiography, computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance nuclera (MRI) reveals the existence of solid tumor mass.
Serological examination diagnosis of neuroblastoma help.Highlighting tumor markers, which are found in high quantity in 95% of cases a positive diagnosis help. This remarkable increase in urinary excretion of catecholamine metabolites, vanilmandelic acid (VMA) and homovanilic acid (HVA).
Highlighting neuroblastilor willing "in rosette" in the bone marrow by anatomopathological examination performance, and increased presence of homovanilic acid (HVA) and vanilmandelic acid (VMA) even in the absence of tumor mass may confirm the diagnosis of neuroblastoma, the atypical .
Biposia marrow scintigraphy and invasive diagnostic methods are helping to assess metastatic disease.
According to the international staging of neuroblastoma patient depending on the severity of his illness can be framed in one of the following evolutionary stages: stage I corresponds to localized tumors confined to the organ of origin, stage II
According to the international staging of neuroblastoma patient depending on the severity of his illness can be framed in one of the following evolutionary stages: stage I corresponds to localized tumors confined to the organ of origin, stage II tumors are found enlarged to the structure of origin but not exceed the median line, stage II are not affected ipsilateral lymph nodes, stage IIB ipsilateral lymph nodes are affected, stage III tumors fall extended beyond the midline, with or without bilateral damage to the lymph limfactici, stage IV tumor dissemination to distant states, the existence of bone metastases in the spinal, liver, lymph limfcatici, stage IV includes cases aged 1 year and dissemination in the skin, liver, bone marrow.
Prognostic factors in neuroblastoma are in a relationship of interdependence.
In cases where children diagnosed with neuroblastoma under the age of one year is possible their survival at three years 95%. This factor adds exstenta satdiului disease I, II or IV, n-myc oncogenes number on chromosome 1 is normal, and deletion of short arm p of its unprocentaj to occur in less than 50%.
Survival in cases of neuroblastoma is estimated at 3 years in a rate of 25-50% in children older than 1 year, diagnosed in Progress III or IV disease, with n-myc oncogenes numarl of normal and deletion contained in the interval according to chromosome 1p 25-50%.
A percentage of 5% of children diagnosed at age 1-5 years ntervalul will survive three years if the disease is evolving stage III or IV, n-myc oncogenes number is amplified and chromosome 1p deletion occurs in 80 -90%.

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