Wednesday, June 1, 2011

Break - Complications of fractures

Fatty pulmonary embolism:Insuficeinta lead to hypoxia by breathing. The mechanisms by which this complication can occur: direct embolization of fat cells left at the outbreak of fracture and metabolic disorders induced by trauma with dissociation of circulating triglycerides. Clinical signs of hypoxia and tachypnea, anxiety, drowsiness. There are no possibilities for prevention.
Bronchopneumonia may occur rapidly after a fracture occurring in older patients which is fatal.
Disseminated intravascular coagulation may be followed by an injury and is due to disturbances in coagulation mechanism.Exacerbation of preexisting conditions such as diabetes, pulmonary disease, urinary retention and urinary infection in patients with prostate adenoma.
Hidartroza neighboring joint swelling occurs by encompassing the entire limb or a sharp fragment may sting and shape of an articular capsule haemarthrosis.
Complications include nerve trauma or catching a nearby nerve trunk. Depending on the intensity of trauma, nerve damage may be: axonotmesis or neurotmesis.
Vascular complications may be caused by trauma to the main artery or vein by a bone fragment. This can lead to compression, torsion or vascular elongation. Diagnosis of peripheral acute ischemia should be placed as soon to be followed by timely restoration of vascular axis and limb salvage. The clinical picture includes:-Absence of peripheral pulse-Reaching the ischemic nerve pain, anesthesia, paralysis, muscle tension painful massesNote skin-skin cold, flictene, areas of necrosis.
Interpozitia other soft tissue is an immediate local complication. It is usually interposed muscle that prevents the reduction of fractures and orthopedic surgery requires reduction.
Vicious callus is due to an imperfect reduction. He can train a hypertrophic or angular fragments, a shortening or rotation. If an infection occurred after an open fracture or surgery after a fracture callus may be osteitis and cutaneous fistula.
The delay in the consolidation is a fracture in ntervalul neconsolidare the average time that would have to heal. Abnormal mobility is manifested clinically by pain and local heat.
Pseudoarthrosis or false joint is neconsolidarea fracture. It is manifested by abnormal mobility painless.Neighboring joints outbreak of fracture stiffness may occur due to prolonged immobilization.
Aseptic necrosis is a consequence of infringement of fracture when a vascular pedicle which provides irrigation to a fragment of bone. As the necrotic bone collapses painful and cause a mismatch. Symptoms occur after 14 months. It develops mostly in bones that are irrigated by the pedicle periosteum and not: the femoral head, scaphoid and talus body.
Algoneurodistrofic syndrome occurs as a late complication and is manifested by pain that exceeds the limits of the outbreak of the fracture, circulatory disorders: sweating, cyanosis and swelling, trophic appendages disorders, joint stiffness.

No comments:

Post a Comment